P-value in Excel

Use Excel T.TEST for a two-tailed unequal-variance t-test and compare a worked example to the canonical A/B test logic.

At a glance

Answer
T.TEST(array1, array2, 2, 3) returns a two-tailed p-value for unequal variances.
Because
Tails 2 is two-tailed; type 3 is Welch, which does not pool the variances.
Common error
Type 2 can miscalibrate the standard error and Type I error when variances differ.
Not for
Running the test itself, or getting a confidence interval. t-Test Calculator

Excel p-value

Paste formula

=T.TEST(A2:A10,B2:B10,2,3)

Probability density; Welch t distribution (55.334 df)

−6−4−202461.710798Welch t distribution (55.33…
Chart label shortened to “Welch t distribution (55.33…”. Full series label: “Welch t distribution (55.334 df)”.
Canonical Welch t-test check
MetricValue
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Excel T.TEST(array1,array2,2,3) maps to a two-tailed Welch t-test How?

How this is calculated

Microsoft documents `T.TEST` with `tails` and `type` arguments. This page uses tails `2` for a two-tailed p-value and type `3` for unequal variance. The optional summary-stat check calls the existing A/B test logic, which uses Welch's t-test for means.

Formula: Excel T.TEST(array1,array2,2,3) maps to a two-tailed Welch t-test

Sources

  1. Microsoft Support, T.TEST function. Microsoft. Retrieved .
  2. OpenStax Introductory Statistics, Two Population Means. OpenStax. Retrieved .

Method last reviewed