Copy and Paste Symbols: Math, Statistics, Physics, Chemistry
Copy math, statistics, physics, and chemistry symbols with Unicode, LaTeX, and HTML entity metadata.
At a glance
- Computes
- Unicode code point, LaTeX command, and HTML entity for each symbol you copy.
- You supply
- A search term or a category, or nothing at all if you browse.
- Use when
- You know the symbol you want and need to paste it somewhere exactly.
- Not for
- Finding out what an unfamiliar symbol means. Math and Science Symbols
Infinity symbol (∞) to copy and paste
Infinity is an unbounded mathematical concept, represented by U+221E.
Infinity and related symbols
Infinity is one character; negative infinity combines a minus sign with it, and the empty-set sign is distinct.
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Negative infinity
U+002D U+221E-\infty-∞A minus sign followed by infinity.
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Empty set
U+2205\varnothing∅A distinct symbol for a set with no members.
Degree symbol (°) to copy and paste
The degree sign marks angles and temperatures.
Degree sign and common lookalikes
The degree sign and masculine ordinal indicator are separate code points even when a font makes them look alike.
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Degree Celsius
U+2103^{\circ}C℃A compatibility character for degrees Celsius.
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Degree Fahrenheit
U+2109^{\circ}F℉A compatibility character for degrees Fahrenheit.
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Masculine ordinal indicator
U+00BA\textordmasculineºA letter-like character, not the degree sign.
Plus or minus symbol (±) to copy and paste
Plus or minus expresses a symmetric pair or uncertainty.
Paired plus and minus operators
Plus-or-minus and minus-or-plus are paired but distinct operators.
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Minus or plus
U+2213\mp∓The reversed paired operator.
Pi symbol (π) to copy and paste
π is the circle constant, the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter, about 3.14159.
Pi, capital Pi, and the product operator
The letter, its capital, and the product operator are three distinct characters, each with its own code point.
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Capital Pi
U+03A0\PiΠThe uppercase letter, distinct from the lowercase constant.
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Product operator
U+220F\prod∏Use for a product over a sequence, not for the letter.
Sigma symbol (σ) to copy and paste
σ is the population standard deviation in statistics, the spread of values around the mean.
Sigma, capital Sigma, and the summation operator
The lowercase letter, its capital, the summation operator, and the word-final form are distinct characters.
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Capital Sigma
U+03A3\SigmaΣThe uppercase letter, for example a covariance matrix.
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Summation operator
U+2211\sum∑Use for a sum over a sequence, not for the letter.
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Final sigma
U+03C2\varsigmaςThe word-final form, used only at the end of a Greek word.
Mu symbol (μ) to copy and paste
μ is the population mean in statistics, and the coefficient of friction in mechanics.
Greek mu and the micro sign
Two characters look identical here. This keyboard copies the Greek letter by default and offers the micro sign for unit work.
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Micro sign
U+00B5\textmuµThe SI micro sign for units such as micrometre and microgram. Upright textcomp \textmu; inside a siunitx unit macro use \micro.
Theta symbol (θ) to copy and paste
θ is an angle in geometry and trigonometry, or a generic unknown parameter in a model.
Theta, capital Theta, and script theta
The common form, its capital, and the script variant are all distinct characters.
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Capital Theta
U+0398\ThetaΘThe uppercase letter.
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Script theta
U+03D1\varthetaϑThe script variant that appears in some texts.
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- Category
- Greek
- Unicode
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U+03B1 - LaTeX
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\alpha - HTML
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α
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- Category
- Greek
- Unicode
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U+03B2 - LaTeX
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\beta - HTML
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β
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- Category
- Greek
- Unicode
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U+03B3 - LaTeX
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\gamma - HTML
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γ
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- Category
- Greek
- Unicode
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U+0394 - LaTeX
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\Delta - HTML
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Δ
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- Category
- Greek
- Unicode
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U+03B4 - LaTeX
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\delta - HTML
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δ
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- Category
- Greek
- Unicode
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U+03B5 - LaTeX
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\varepsilon - HTML
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ε
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- Category
- Greek
- Unicode
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U+03B8 - LaTeX
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\theta - HTML
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θ
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- Category
- Greek
- Unicode
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U+03BB - LaTeX
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\lambda - HTML
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λ
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- Category
- Greek
- Unicode
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U+03BC - LaTeX
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\mu - HTML
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μ
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- Category
- Greek
- Unicode
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U+03BD - LaTeX
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\nu - HTML
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ν
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- Category
- Greek
- Unicode
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U+03C0 - LaTeX
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\pi - HTML
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π
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- Category
- Greek
- Unicode
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U+03C1 - LaTeX
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\rho - HTML
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ρ
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- Category
- Greek
- Unicode
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U+03C3 - LaTeX
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\sigma - HTML
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σ
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- Category
- Greek
- Unicode
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U+03C4 - LaTeX
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\tau - HTML
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τ
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- Category
- Greek
- Unicode
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U+03C6 - LaTeX
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\varphi - HTML
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φ
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- Category
- Greek
- Unicode
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U+03C7 - LaTeX
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\chi - HTML
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χ
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- Category
- Greek
- Unicode
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U+03C8 - LaTeX
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\psi - HTML
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ψ
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- Category
- Greek
- Unicode
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U+03C9 - LaTeX
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\omega - HTML
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ω
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- Category
- Greek
- Unicode
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U+03A9 - LaTeX
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\Omega - HTML
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Ω
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- Category
- Logic and Sets
- Unicode
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U+2208 - LaTeX
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\in - HTML
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∈
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- Category
- Logic and Sets
- Unicode
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U+2209 - LaTeX
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\notin - HTML
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∉
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- Category
- Logic and Sets
- Unicode
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U+2200 - LaTeX
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\forall - HTML
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∀
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- Category
- Logic and Sets
- Unicode
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U+2203 - LaTeX
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\exists - HTML
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∃
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- Category
- Logic and Sets
- Unicode
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U+2205 - LaTeX
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\varnothing - HTML
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∅
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- Category
- Logic and Sets
- Unicode
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U+2282 - LaTeX
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\subset - HTML
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⊂
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- Category
- Logic and Sets
- Unicode
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U+2286 - LaTeX
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\subseteq - HTML
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⊆
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- Category
- Logic and Sets
- Unicode
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U+222A - LaTeX
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\cup - HTML
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∪
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- Category
- Logic and Sets
- Unicode
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U+2229 - LaTeX
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\cap - HTML
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∩
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- Category
- Logic and Sets
- Unicode
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U+21D2 - LaTeX
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\Rightarrow - HTML
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⇒
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- Category
- Logic and Sets
- Unicode
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U+21D4 - LaTeX
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\Leftrightarrow - HTML
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⇔
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- Category
- Logic and Sets
- Unicode
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U+2234 - LaTeX
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\therefore - HTML
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∴
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- Category
- Calculus
- Unicode
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U+2211 - LaTeX
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\sum - HTML
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∑
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- Category
- Calculus
- Unicode
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U+220F - LaTeX
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\prod - HTML
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∏
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- Category
- Calculus
- Unicode
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U+222B - LaTeX
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\int - HTML
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∫
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- Category
- Calculus
- Unicode
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U+2202 - LaTeX
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\partial - HTML
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∂
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- Category
- Calculus
- Unicode
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U+2207 - LaTeX
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\nabla - HTML
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∇
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- Category
- Statistics
- Unicode
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U+0070 U+0302 - LaTeX
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\hat{p} - HTML
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p̂
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- Category
- Statistics
- Unicode
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U+0048 U+2080 - LaTeX
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H_0 - HTML
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H₀
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- Category
- Statistics
- Unicode
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U+0048 U+2081 - LaTeX
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H_1 - HTML
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H₁
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- Category
- Statistics
- Unicode
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U+03C3 U+00B2 - LaTeX
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\sigma^2 - HTML
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σ²
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- Category
- Statistics
- Unicode
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U+03C7 U+00B2 - LaTeX
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\chi^2 - HTML
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χ²
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- Category
- Relations
- Unicode
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U+2248 - LaTeX
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\approx - HTML
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≈
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- Category
- Relations
- Unicode
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U+2260 - LaTeX
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\neq - HTML
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≠
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- Category
- Relations
- Unicode
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U+2261 - LaTeX
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\equiv - HTML
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≡
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- Category
- Relations
- Unicode
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U+2264 - LaTeX
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\leq - HTML
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≤
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- Category
- Relations
- Unicode
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U+2265 - LaTeX
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\geq - HTML
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≥
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- Category
- Operators
- Unicode
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U+221D - LaTeX
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\propto - HTML
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∝
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- Category
- Operators
- Unicode
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U+00B1 - LaTeX
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\pm - HTML
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±
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- Category
- Operators
- Unicode
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U+00D7 - LaTeX
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\times - HTML
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×
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- Category
- Operators
- Unicode
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U+00F7 - LaTeX
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\div - HTML
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÷
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- Category
- Operators
- Unicode
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U+221A - LaTeX
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\sqrt{} - HTML
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√
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- Category
- Operators
- Unicode
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U+221E - LaTeX
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\infty - HTML
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∞
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- Category
- Physics and Chemistry
- Unicode
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U+210F - LaTeX
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\hbar - HTML
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ℏ
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- Category
- Physics and Chemistry
- Unicode
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U+00B0 - LaTeX
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^{\circ} - HTML
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°
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- Category
- Accents and Scripts
- Unicode
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U+0078 U+0304 - LaTeX
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\bar{x} - HTML
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x̄
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- Category
- Subscripts and superscripts
- Unicode
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U+2070 - LaTeX
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^{0} - HTML
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⁰
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- Category
- Subscripts and superscripts
- Unicode
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U+00B9 - LaTeX
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^{1} - HTML
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¹
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- Category
- Subscripts and superscripts
- Unicode
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U+00B2 - LaTeX
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^{2} - HTML
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²
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- Category
- Subscripts and superscripts
- Unicode
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U+00B3 - LaTeX
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^{3} - HTML
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³
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- Category
- Subscripts and superscripts
- Unicode
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U+2074 - LaTeX
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^{4} - HTML
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⁴
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- Category
- Subscripts and superscripts
- Unicode
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U+2075 - LaTeX
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^{5} - HTML
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⁵
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- Category
- Subscripts and superscripts
- Unicode
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U+2076 - LaTeX
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^{6} - HTML
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⁶
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- Category
- Subscripts and superscripts
- Unicode
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U+2077 - LaTeX
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^{7} - HTML
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⁷
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- Category
- Subscripts and superscripts
- Unicode
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U+2078 - LaTeX
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^{8} - HTML
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⁸
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- Category
- Subscripts and superscripts
- Unicode
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U+2079 - LaTeX
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^{9} - HTML
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⁹
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- Category
- Subscripts and superscripts
- Unicode
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U+207B - LaTeX
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^{-} - HTML
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⁻
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- Category
- Subscripts and superscripts
- Unicode
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U+207F - LaTeX
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^{n} - HTML
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ⁿ
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- Category
- Subscripts and superscripts
- Unicode
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U+2080 - LaTeX
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_{0} - HTML
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₀
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- Category
- Subscripts and superscripts
- Unicode
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U+2081 - LaTeX
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_{1} - HTML
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₁
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- Category
- Subscripts and superscripts
- Unicode
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U+2082 - LaTeX
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_{2} - HTML
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₂
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- Category
- Subscripts and superscripts
- Unicode
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U+2083 - LaTeX
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_{3} - HTML
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₃
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- Category
- Subscripts and superscripts
- Unicode
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U+2084 - LaTeX
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_{4} - HTML
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₄
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- Category
- Subscripts and superscripts
- Unicode
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U+2085 - LaTeX
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_{5} - HTML
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₅
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- Category
- Subscripts and superscripts
- Unicode
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U+2086 - LaTeX
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_{6} - HTML
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₆
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- Category
- Subscripts and superscripts
- Unicode
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U+2087 - LaTeX
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_{7} - HTML
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₇
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- Category
- Subscripts and superscripts
- Unicode
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U+2088 - LaTeX
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_{8} - HTML
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₈
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- Category
- Subscripts and superscripts
- Unicode
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U+2089 - LaTeX
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_{9} - HTML
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₉
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- Category
- Subscripts and superscripts
- Unicode
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U+208B - LaTeX
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_{-} - HTML
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₋
No symbol keys match that search.
curated symbol keys with glyph, Unicode, LaTeX, and HTML entity
How?
How this keyboard is built
The keyboard is a finite set of high-use math and science symbols. Each key stores the glyph, Unicode code point string, LaTeX representation, HTML entity, category, and aliases. Search filters those fields locally.
Formula: curated symbol keys with glyph, Unicode, LaTeX, and HTML entity
Copying symbols that look alike but are not
Copying a symbol is only useful when it is the right code point. Several characters look identical in ordinary fonts but search, sort, normalize, and paste differently. Every key exposes its Unicode, LaTeX, and HTML representation so identity can be checked rather than inferred from appearance.
Infinity
The infinity sign is U+221E. Negative infinity is a minus sign followed by the same character, not a separate code point. The empty-set sign is a different mathematical object and should not be substituted merely because its outline is similar.
Degree sign
The degree sign is U+00B0. The masculine ordinal indicator is U+00BA and is a letter-like character, not a temperature or angle mark. Celsius and Fahrenheit compatibility characters also exist, although a degree sign followed by C or F is generally easier to typeset reliably.
Subscripts and superscripts
Subscript digits occupy the contiguous range U+2080 through U+2089. Superscript digits are split: one, two, and three remain in Latin-1, while zero and four through nine live in the U+2070 block. These fixed characters are useful in plain text; real typographic formatting is preferable when available because it scales with the surrounding type.
Greek letters
Greek mu and the micro sign can look identical, as can capital omega and the ohm compatibility sign. Use this keyboard for code-point identity. To learn a symbol's meaning, pronunciation, and field, use the math and science symbol lookup.
Sources
- Unicode Character Code Charts. Unicode Consortium. Retrieved .
- HTML Standard, Named character references. WHATWG. Retrieved .
- Clipboard API and Events. W3C. Retrieved .
- MDN, Clipboard.writeText. MDN Web Docs. Retrieved .
- Overleaf, List of Greek letters and math symbols. Overleaf. Retrieved .
Method last reviewed